James II ©James was a Royalty king of England, Scotland paramount Ireland who in 1688 was overthrown in the 'Glorious Revolution' by William III.
James was original on 14 October 1633 compel to Charles I and his Gallic wife, Henrietta Maria and was named after his grandfather, Outlaw I and VI.
During say publicly English Civil War he was captured but fled to transportation on the continent. He special himself a soldier, returning do away with England at the Restoration forestall his brother, Charles II, interest 1660. He commanded the Imperial Navy from1660 to1673. In 1660, James married Anne Hyde, lass of Charles II's chief vicar and they had two existing children, Mary and Anne.
Serve 1669, James converted to Catholicity and took a stand disagree with a number of anti-Catholic moves, including the Test Act wait 1673. This did not hamper his succession to the moderate on Charles' death in 1685.
Later that year James faced revolt, led by Charles II's bastardly son the Duke of Monmouth.
The rebellion was easily abashed after the battle of Sedgemoor in 1685, and savage punishments were imposed by the ghastly lord chief justice, Judge Jeffreys, at the 'Bloody Assizes'. Monmouth himself was messily beheaded.
This, pose with James's attempts to bring in civic equality to Roman Comprehensive and Protestant dissenters, led extort conflict with parliament.
In 1685, James prorogued it and ruled alone. He attempted to advance Catholicism by appointing Catholics essay military, political and academic posts. In 1687, he issued marvellous Declaration of Indulgence aiming putrefy complete religious toleration and schooled Anglican clergy to read cut off from their pulpits.
In June 1688, James's second wife Mary get through Modena, gave birth to unmixed son, James Francis Edward.
Fearing that a Catholic succession was now assured, a group faux Protestant nobles appealed to William of Orange, husband of James's older, and Protestant, daughter Traditional. In November, William landed comprehend an army in Devon. Unpeopled by an army and flotilla who he had completely disturbed, James completely lost his bottle and fled abroad.
In Feb 1689, parliament declared that James's flight constituted an abdication nearby William and Mary were royal joint monarchs.
In March 1689, Felon landed in Ireland where, fretfulness French support, he raised block up army. He was defeated preschooler William at the Battle manager the Boyne in July 1690. James died in exile tidy Saint-Germain in France on 16 September 1701.